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Use of a cytogenetic whole-genome comparison to resolve phylogenetic relationships among three species: implications for mammalian systematics and conservation biology |
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| Authors: | Yu Hon-Tsen Ma Gwo-Chin Lee Dong-Jay Chin Shih-Chien Chen Ting-Li Tsao Hsien-Shao Lin Wen-Hsiang Wu Sheng-Hai Lin Chyi-Chyang Chen Ming |
| Affiliation: | a Institute of Zoology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan b Department of Genomic Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan c Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan d Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan e Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan f Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan g Graduate, Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan h Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan i Department of Life Sciences, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan |
| Abstract: | The objective was to apply a novel modification of a genome-wide, comparative cytogenetic technique (comparative genomic hybridization, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)), to study species belonging to the myrmecophagous (ant/termite eating) mammalian orders/superorders (Pholidota, Tubulidentata, Carnivora, and Xenarthra), as a model for other applications in mammalian systematics and conservation biology. In this study, CGH was applied to high-quality metaphase spreads of pangolin (Pholidota), using probes of sloth and canine (Xenarthra and Carnivora, respectively) genomic DNA labeled with different fluorophores, thereby facilitating analysis of the visible color spectrum on pangolin karyotypes. Our results posited that pholidotes are closer to carnivores than to xenarthrans, which confirmed the current consensus that myrmecophagy in these mammalian lineages was more likely because of homoplasy (convergent evolution) than being an ancestral character. Since the modified CGH technique used is genome-wide, has chromosome-level resolution, and does not need full genome sequencing, it has considerable potential in systematics and other fields. |
| Keywords: | Feeding behavior Comparative genomic hybridization Convergent evolution Phylogenomics Ant Termite |
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