Abstract: | Abstract Oncophorus dendrophilus is described from two upland forest localities in the Paphos District of Cyprus, and from the White Mountains of Crete. It is characterized by its bistratose upper leaves with bistratose streaks extending 3/4 of the way to the leaf base, 2–3 stratose margins and large spores. The new species may represent a relictual Tertiary element in the eastern Mediterranean flora, or it may be a recent derivative from the widespread Holarctic species O. wahlenbergii. |