广西黑叶猴栖息地景观格局破碎化分析及其对种群的影响

黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)是仅分布于喀斯特石山生境的珍稀濒危灵长类动物。由于非法捕杀和人类活动干扰，其种群数量正在急剧减少。同时，随着森林砍伐和土地开垦的加速，其栖息地严重破碎化。因此，了解栖息地破碎化对黑叶猴种群的影响对于保护这一珍稀濒危物种具有重要意义。基于遥感影像、土地利用数据以及黑叶猴种群调查数据，通过Fragstats软件开展广西黑叶猴栖息地景观破碎化分析，并通过相关性和多元逐步回归分析，探讨了景观格局对广西黑叶猴种群数量的影响。结果表明：(1)广西黑叶猴栖息地呈现破碎化严峻、斑块形状复杂化、斑块团聚程度较弱且分散化的现象；栖息地以林地景观占据重要优势，但人为景观的干扰十分强烈；在不同地区中，生境破碎化程度、人为干扰强度以及景观配置均呈现不同的特征，其中扶绥地区人为干扰最为强烈，德保地区的景观块数破碎化程度较为严重，而龙州地区的人为干扰程度最小，其森林景观最为聚集。(2)蔓延度指数、平均斑块分维指数、林地面积、林地斑块大小、裸岩面积和裸岩面积比重等景观指数与黑叶猴种群数量有显著正向关系，Shannon多样性指数则是显著负向关系；而耕地面积、耕地...

Analysis of fragmentation in landscape pattern for the François' langur's habitats in Guangxi and its influence on population

The François'' langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) is an endangered primate species that is restricted to habitats characterized by karst topography. Because of illegal hunting and disturbance by human activities, its population decreases dramatically. Moreover, its habitats become severely fragmented as results of the acceleration of deforestation and land reclamation. Therefore, it is important to understand the influence of habitat fragmentation on the François'' langur population, which will provide key information for the conservation of this rare and endangered species. In this study, based on remote sensing images, land-use data, and the François'' langur population survey data, we conducted landscape fragmentation analysis of the François'' langur habitat in Guangxi by Fragstats software. We also explored the influences of landscape pattern on the population of François'' langurs in Guangxi by correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that the landscape pattern of the François'' langur habitats in Guangxi presented severe fragmentation, complex patch shapes, weak patch aggregation, and decentralization. The woodland landscape still made an important contribution to the langur habitats, but the anthropogenic landscape interference was very strong. There were different characteristics in the degree of habitat fragmentation, the intensity of human disturbance, and the distribution of landscapes in different areas. The Fusui area had the strongest human disturbance, and the Debao area had a more severe degree of fragmentation, while the Longzhou area had the least anthropogenic disturbance and its forest landscape was the most aggregated. There were significantly and positively relationships between Contagion Index, Mean Patch Fractal Dimension, Woodland Area, Woodland Patch Size, Bare Rock Area and Bare Rock Percentage of Landscape and the population of François'' langurs, whereas Shannon Diversity Index was significantly and negatively related to the population of François'' langurs. However, there was no significant correlation between artificial landscape indices, such as Curtivated Land Area, Percentage of Curtivated Land Residential Land Area, Percentage of Residential Land Area and the population of the François'' langur. Based on the results of the multiple stepwise regression analysis, Woodland Area was key factors influencing the population of the François'' langur in Guangxi,followed by Mean Patch Fractal Dimension. Therefore, the managers should carry out different types of ecological restoration according to the forest coverage, fragmentation degree, and landscape configuration in the distribution area of the François'' langur. At the same time, managers should develop a reliable conservation plan based on the actual situation of the nature reserve.