微生物酯酶研究进展

酯酶自发现以来，逐渐被开发利用于医药、化工、食品等领域，其中动植物来源酯酶工业化应用较少，微生物作为天然的酶资源库，是新型酯酶的主要来源之一。然而，大量新型微生物酯酶由于活性低、稳定性差等原因难以达到工业应用的要求；同时酯酶的筛选、活性评价方法仍存在通用性低、成本高的问题，一定程度上阻碍了新型微生物酯酶挖掘和改造。据此，本文总结了近年来微生物酯酶分类与发现、结构与催化特性、改造和优化以及应用等领域的研究新进展，以期促进酯酶的挖掘和工业化应用。

Research advances in microbial esterases

Esterases have been gradually developed and used in medicine, chemistry, and food industry since their discovery. Only a few esterases applied in industrial production are from animals and plants, and most of novel esterases are discovered from microorganisms, a vast enzyme resource pool in the nature. However, a large number of new microbial esterases do not meet the requirements of industrial application due to low activity and poor stability. Meanwhile, the mining of new microbial esterases is limited by low versatility and high cost of the screening and activity evaluation methods. This paper summarizes the recent research advances in the classification, discovery, structural and catalytic properties, modification, optimization, and application of microbial esterases, aiming to facilitate the discovery and industrial application of esterases.