表皮葡萄球菌对皮肤健康的作用研究进展

人体皮肤表面定居着多种微生物，这些微生物与皮肤健康密切相关。表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusepidermidis)是正常人群皮肤表面微生物的主要成员之一，对维持皮肤的健康状态发挥着重要作用。在正常生理环境下，表皮葡萄球菌通过抗菌肽参与皮肤固有免疫，其细胞壁成分脂磷壁酸有助于适应性免疫系统的发育和启动，从而调节皮肤免疫过程。通过分泌鞘磷脂酶，表皮葡萄球菌可以对皮肤上的神经酰胺进行补充，同时可以增强角质形成细胞间的紧密连接，进而维护皮肤屏障稳态。表皮葡萄球菌可以和多种细菌进行交流，在皮肤抗菌防御中发挥着良性的作用，并且可以促进皮肤的再上皮化，加速伤口修复。本文归纳总结了表皮葡萄球菌在维持健康皮肤方面的最新研究结果及认识，有助于深入了解其作为潜在益生菌充分发挥对皮肤的有益影响，为皮肤病的治疗及化妆品的研发提供借鉴。

Emerging roles of Staphylococcus epidermidis in skin health

The human skin surface is home to a variety of microorganisms that are closely associated with skin health. Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the major microorganisms on the skin surface of the normal population and plays a role in maintaining skin health. Under normal physiological conditions, S. epidermidis participates in innate immunity of skin through antimicrobial peptides, and its cell wall component, lipoteichoic acid, contributes to the development and initiation of the adaptive immune system, thereby regulating the skin immune process. By secreting sphingomyelinase, S. epidermidis can replenish ceramide in the skin and enhance the tight junctions of keratinocytes, thus maintaining skin barrier homeostasis. S. epidermidis can communicate with a wide range of bacteria and plays a benign role in the antimicrobial defense of the skin. Furthermore, S. epidermidis promotes skin re-epithelialization to accelerate wound repair. This review summarizes the latest findings about the role of S. epidermidis in the maintenance of skin health, contributing to the in-depth understanding of its beneficial effects on the skin as a potential probiotic to be fully utilized for the treatment of dermatological diseases and the development of cosmetics.