共生菌Wolbachia在宿主中诱导表达胞质不相容因子的研究进展

沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)作为节肢动物的胞内共生菌，可以引起宿主产生雌性化、孤雌生殖、杀雄和胞质不相容性(cytoplasmic incompatibility, CI) 4种生殖表型。其中CI是最常见的现象，表现为受感染的雄性昆虫与未感染或感染不兼容Wolbachia的雌性昆虫交配时引起胚胎死亡；而雌性感染同种Wolbachia时胚胎能够正常发育。CI是由被称为CI因子(cifA和cifB)的Wolbachia基因对调控的。其中，CifB作为毒剂在雄性中表达诱导产生CI，而CifA作为解毒剂在雌性中表达拯救CI。本文综述了CI因子结构、功能和作用机制的研究，以期为未来利用Wolbachia和CI进行蚊媒疾病和农业虫害的防控奠定基础。

Wolbachia in inducing expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility factors: a review

Wolbachia is a common group of intracellular bacteria in arthropods. They can alter host biology in diverse ways, including the induction of reproductive manipulations, such as feminization, thelytoky, male killing, and cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). Among them, CI, the most common phenotype, refers to the fact that embryonic lethality occurs when a Wolbachia -infected male insect mates with a Wolbachia -uninfected or incompatible female insect, whereas the cross between the male and female both infected with the same strain of Wolbachia is compatible. CI is caused by linked pairs of Wolbachia genes known as CI factors (CifA and CifB). CifB as a toxin can induce CI in male insects, while CifA as an antidote can rescue CI in female insects. This review summarized the research on the structure, function, and mechanism of CI factors, aiming to provide a solid base for the future application of Wolbachia and CI in the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases and agricultural pests.