基于文献计量的绿色基础设施水生态系统服务供需评价研究进展

作为国家的自然生命支持系统，区域、城市和社区尺度的绿色基础设施可提供多种水生态系统服务。然而，服务在传递过程中存在空间错位与时间滞后效应。绿色基础设施水生态系统服务供需评价能够识别供需时空异质特征，促进服务供给与需求的均衡。研究利用Citespace对国内外相关研究展开分析，阐明了绿色基础设施水生态系统服务的供需内涵，对供需评价内容、评价方法与均衡分析方法进行了综述。研究发现：(1)融合生态系统服务供需评价与绿色基础设施规划设计的研究有了初步进展，但针对绿色基础设施水生态系统服务的系统性研究并不多见。(2)供给评价研究丰富，测度指标多依赖客观的生物物理数据；需求评价热度上升，测度指标多基于消费、偏好、感知和社会经济价值；测度单元有行政单元、流域/生境等环境单元与土地利用单元等。(3)评价方法有生态模型法、公众参与法、价值评价法与经验统计模型法，生态模型法逐渐普及，提出了评价方法的选用与关键参数确定的原则。(4)供需均衡研究多聚焦数量、空间的静态均衡研究，动态均衡研究有待进一步探索。基于当前研究动态，未来应重点关注多尺度下供需评价指标体系构建，探索供需评价的集成方法，提高供需评价精度，加...

Review on the Evaluation of Water-related Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand of Green Infrastructure

As the national natural life support system, green infrastructure (GI) at regional, city and community scales can provide not only multiple water ecosystem services such as rainwater regulation and storage, water quality improvement, groundwater recharge, and habitat maintenance, but also a variety of cultural services such as leisure and entertainment, physical and mental health, eco-tourism, and aesthetic experience. However, there are spatial dislocation effects and time delay effects between the supply and demand of green infrastructure water ecosystem services (GIWES). The evaluation of supply and demand of green infrastructure water ecosystem services can identify the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of supply and demand, and promote the balance of service supply and demand. This research uses Citespace to analyze the relevant literature in the field of GIWES supply and demand in databases of CNKI and Web of Science, sorts out the research characteristics and development context at home and abroad, clarifies the connotation of GIWES supply and demand, and summarizes the research on the supply and demand evaluation content, evaluation methods and equilibrium analysis methods of GIWES. The research finds the following four points: (1) The preliminary progress has been made in the research that integrates ecosystem service supply and demand assessment with green infrastructure planning and design, but there are few systematic studies on green infrastructure water ecosystem services. (2) Supply evaluation researches are rich, and the measurement indicators mostly rely on objective biophysical data. The popularity of demand evaluation is rising, and the measurement indicators are mostly based on consumption, preference, perception, and socio-economic value. The measurement units of most existing empirical research are concentrated in the administrative units, land-use units, and environmental units such as watersheds/habitats. (3) Quantitative assessment methods mainly include the ecological model method, the public participation method, the value assessment method, and the empirical statistical model method. The ecological model method is gradually gaining popularity. The principles of selection of evaluation methods and determination of key parameters are put forward. (4) Supply and demand balance analysis is divided into dynamic balance analysis and static balance analysis. In comparison, there is more literature on static equilibrium analysis, and the main analysis contents include quantitative and spatial equilibrium analysis. Research on dynamic equilibrium analysis needs to be deepened. Based on the analysis of current research status and development trends, future research should focus on the following four aspects: constructing a multi-scale supply and demand evaluation index system, exploring an integrated method for supply and demand evaluation, improving the accuracy of supply and demand evaluation, strengthening the research on dynamic balance analysis of supply and demand and its application in space optimization management. The research will help to identify the temporal and spatial characteristics of GIWES supply and demand, promote the transformation of GIWES supply to human well-being needs as well as the balance of supply and demand, and provide a scientific basis for WES-oriented GI planning, design and management.