赣州市山水林田湖草修复工程生态保护效益

山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程是国家为了实现自然资源整体保护、系统修复和综合治理，在全国范围内组织实施的重大工程。生态资产和生态系统生产总值(Gross Ecosystem Product, GEP)是评估生态保护效益的两项重要指标，能够客观反映修复工程对区域范围内生态系统状况的改善情况。以江西省赣州市为例，通过核算赣州市、工程区和非工程区的生态资产和GEP,并对比分析其核算结果，以探究山水林田湖草修复工程的生态保护效益，并对影响工程区内外GEP变化的主要因素进行分析，以从不同角度有效保护生态环境，为生态保护修复工程效益的长期发挥提供科学依据。结果如下：(1)生态资产方面，赣州市自然生态系统面积增加，生态系统质量整体趋于好转，生态资产综合指数上升了12.89%。其中，工程区自然生态系统面积增幅最大，为3.23%;非工程区生态系统质量提升最大，生物量和植被覆盖度分别提升了12.93%和2.08%。(2)GEP方面，赣州市GEP呈增长趋势。2015—2019年，赣州市、工程区和非工程区GEP分别增加了142.10、7.58、134.52亿元，增幅分别为1.38%、3.90%、1.33%。(3...

The ecological protection effectiveness of the restoration project for mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands in Ganzhou

The restoration project of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands is an implemented nationwide project aimed at realizing the overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management of natural resources. Ecological Asset (EA) and Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) are two important ecological indicators of evaluating the benefits of ecological protection, which are able to reflect the improvement of the natural ecological system conditions in the restoration project region objectively. Taking Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province as an example, we calculated the EA and GEP of this area and compared the changes of ecological asset index, ecosystem acreage and quality, and GEP contribution rate in the whole city and inside or outside the restoration project region before and after the project implementation to explore the protection benefits of the restoration projects completed. Meanwhile, we analyzed the main factors affecting the changes of GEP inside and outside the restoration project area in order to effective protection of the ecological environment from different angles and provide a scientific basis for the long-term development of the benefits of ecological restoration projects.The results were as follows:(1) About EA, the natural ecological system acreage and quality both improved in Ganzhou, and the comprehensive index increased by 12.89%. Among them, the acreage of natural ecological system in the restoration project region increased by 3.23%; the quality of natural ecological systems in the non-engineering region increased significantly, with biomass and vegetation coverage increased by 12.93% and 2.08%, respectively. (2) The GEP of whole Ganzhou was on the rise. From 2015 to 2019, the GEP of restoration project region and non-engineering region in Ganzhou increased by 14.21, 0.758, and 13.45 billion yuan, respectively, with an increase of 1.38%, 3.90%, and 1.33%. (3) The change of GEP in restoration project region was mainly affected by changes in the acreage of natural ecological system, with a contribution rate of 81.44%; the change of GEP in non-engineering region was mainly affected by changes in the quality of natural ecological system, with a contribution rate of 95.03%. The paper, evaluating the protection effectiveness of restoration projects based on EA and GEP, aimed to provide references for the evaluation of ecological protection benefits in restoration project region. We sought to provide a scientific basis for the local government to establish an evaluation and accounting mechanism for ecological protection effectiveness and optimize the ecological compensation system, and that was of great significance to promoting the ecological civilization construction in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province.