Pathophysiological Responses in Rat and Mouse Models of Radiation-Induced Brain Injury |
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Authors: | Lianhong Yang Jianhua Yang Guoqian Li Yi Li Rong Wu Jinping Cheng Yamei Tang |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China;2.Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China;3.Department of Neurology,Fujian Provincical Quanzhou First Hospital,Quanzhou,China;4.Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China |
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Abstract: | The brain is the major dose-limiting organ in patients undergoing radiotherapy for assorted conditions. Radiation-induced brain injury is common and mainly occurs in patients receiving radiotherapy for malignant head and neck tumors, arteriovenous malformations, or lung cancer-derived brain metastases. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury are largely unknown. Although many treatment strategies are employed for affected individuals, the effects remain suboptimal. Accordingly, animal models are extremely important for elucidating pathogenic radiation-associated mechanisms and for developing more efficacious therapies. So far, models employing various animal species with different radiation dosages and fractions have been introduced to investigate the prevention, mechanisms, early detection, and management of radiation-induced brain injury. However, these models all have limitations, and none are widely accepted. This review summarizes the animal models currently set forth for studies of radiation-induced brain injury, especially rat and mouse, as well as radiation dosages, dose fractionation, and secondary pathophysiological responses. |
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