In vitro embryo formation and plant regeneration from anther culture of different cultivars of Mexican husk tomato (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Physalis ixocarpa</Emphasis> Brot.) |
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Authors: | Rocío Elizabeth Escobar-Guzmán Fernando Hernández-Godínez Octavio Martínez de la Vega Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo |
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Institution: | (1) Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Unidad de Biotecnología e Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav Campus Guanajuato), Km 9.6 libramiento norte carretera Irapuato-León, Apartado Postal 629, 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico |
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Abstract: | Eight cultivars and two accessions of Physalis ixocarpa Brot. were tested for their capacity to regenerate embryos and plants from anther cultures. Anthers were pretreated at 4°C
for 2 days and then at 35°C for 8 days in the dark while cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.045 μM 2,4-D + 0.03 mg l−1 vitamin B12 (MS1) or with 2.26 μM 2,4-D + 0.1 mg l−1 vitamin B12 (MS3). Anther incubation proceeded under a 16 h photoperiod at 25 ± 2°C. Embryo formation occurred after 6 weeks of incubation
in these conditions. Androgenetic responses were cultivar- and culture medium-dependent, with the greatest embryo yields recorded
for cv. Chapingo (36.3%) on MS1 medium, and with wild-type 2 (21.8%) on MS3. Further development of regenerated embryos was
promoted on MS medium supplemented with 0.54 μM NAA, 8.88 μM BA and 50 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate. The regenerated plants were cultured on half-strength mineral salts MS medium with 2.85 μM IAA to enhance
root formation. Rooted plantlets were transferred to pots and acclimatized to the greenhouse. Ploidy analysis of regenerated
plants using flow cytometry revealed 72% diploids, 15% haploids and 7% triploids. AFLP analysis of regenerated plants from
anthers of a single parental plant showed different polymorphic patterns indicating their gametophytic origin. |
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Keywords: | Androgenesis Tomatillo Solanaceae |
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