大白菜与结球甘蓝异源三倍体小孢子植株的获得与鉴定

以6个不同基因型的大白菜四倍体(AAAA,2n=4x=40)品系9401、9402、9403、9404、9405、9406为母本,结球甘蓝二倍体(CC,2n=2x=18)自交系9501为父本配制杂交组合得到的6个杂种一代为试材,进行了游离小孢子培养研究,成功诱导出胚状体,获得了再生植株,并对部分再生株进行了染色体数鉴定和性状调查。结果表明:不同组合小孢子胚胎发生能力不同,各组合产胚率均较低;小孢子再生植株中,染色体数为18的个体所占比例最大,达46.7%;小孢子植株减数分裂行为复杂,终变期除二价体和单价体外,还有三价体等联会形式;小孢子植株性状表现各异。

Plant Regeneration and Identification of the Allotriploid Hybrids between Chinese Cabbage and Cabbage

Microspores culture and plant regeneration of the hybrids F1 between autotetraploid Chinese cabbage(AAAA,2n=4x=40) varieties 9401,9402,9403,9404,9405,9406 and diploid Cabbage(CC,2n=2x=18) varieties 9501 were studied.The results showed that the frequency of embryogenesis was different and low among different hybrids.The percentage of plants with 18 chromosomes was 46.7% in the regenerative plants.The occurrence of diverse chromosome associations at diakinesis such as trivalent,bivalent and univalent suggested that the pollen-mother-cell's meiotic chromosome behavior of plant regeneration was complicated.The morphology of the regenerative plants was different.