菊属11个野生种和12个栽培品种遗传关系的ISSR分析

为进一步明确菊属野生种与栽培品种的遗传关系和多样性,本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术对菊属11个野生种和12个栽培品种之间的遗传关系进行比较分析.从75个ISSR引物中筛选出了14个引物,对供试材料的DNA进行扩增,共获得142条清晰可辨的谱带,多态位点比率为95.1%;菊属野生种的平均有效等位基因数(effective number of alleles,Ne)、平均Nei's基因多样性指数(Nei's gene diversity,H)及Shannon信息指数(shannon's information index,I)均高于栽培菊花,说明各野生种间基因差异比较显著,多态性强于栽培品种.UPGMA聚类结果表明:菊属野生种呈现由低倍向高倍进化的趋势;栽培菊花之间遗传关系复杂,大体可以推断出平瓣是菊花的基本瓣形;菊花脑与栽培菊花亲缘关系最近,小红菊、龙脑菊、若狭滨菊与栽培菊花关系亦较近,神农香菊与其它材料关系最远.本研究的结果表明菊属野生种与栽培品种之间遗传关系比较复杂,而ISSR分子标记技术可以较好地从分子水平上揭示出菊属植物间的遗传关系.

Genetic Relationship among 11 Wild Species and 12 Cultivated Varieties of Chrysanthemum Revealed by ISSR Analysis

In this research,we have comparatively analyzed eleven wild species and twelve cultivars by using ISSR PCR technology in order to make clear the genetic relationships and diversities among the wild species and cultivars of Chrysanthemum.We acquired 14 ISSR primers screened from tested 75 ISSR primers to identify the polymorphism among the tested materials.The results showed that 142 distinguishable bands were amplified that accounted for 95.1% polymorphism.The effective numbers of alleles (Ne),Nei's gene diversity (H) and shannon's information index (Ⅰ) in wild species were higher than that of tested cultivars,which illustrated that there were obvious gene difference in wild species,and higher polymorphism than that of cultivars.UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that the wild species had a evolutional tendencies from low ploidy to high ploidy and also had a complicated genetic relationships among the cultivars.Based on the evolutional relationships,we may have a conclusion that the flat petal type of Chrysanthemum might be the basic type.The germplasm of C.nankingense has the closest genetic relationships with all tested cultivars,and the three of C.chanetii,C.japonicum,or C.japonicum var.wakasaense have secondly close relatives with tested cultivars,C.indicum var.aromaticum has genetic relationship far from other tested varieties.Finally,in this paper the results presented that genetic relationships among wild species and cultivars of Chrysanthemum were quite complications,ISSR marker technology might be employed to better reveal the genetic relationships among Chrysanthemum species at the molecular level.