诱发小麦成熟胚愈伤组织及其再生植株抗盐性变异的研究

本研究以普通小麦成熟胚为起始材料,以平阳霉素(PYM)和正定霉素(ZDM)为诱变剂。发现不同基因型对药物的敏感性不同,其中对药物敏感的在含盐筛选培养基上的存活率高。在诱导培养基内添加一定量的诱变剂可以产生耐盐变异。这种抗性愈伤组织转入与筛选培养基含盐量相同的分化培养基,比较容易产生耐盐再生植株。其M_1、M_2代较亲本系表现株高降低,穗长变短、籽粒饱满度也差;M_1代的结实率仅有5.5%,M_2代恢复到40.9%。利用M_1代和亲本系实生苗叶片,进行脯氨酸含量测定。发现耐盐变异株在无盐的Hoagland溶液中,游离脯氨酸的含量超过亲本系,对盐胁迫不敏感,其耐受力强于对照,具有一定的抗盐稳定性。

A Study of The Salt-Resistant Variatien of Inducing Matured Embryo's Callus and Regenerated Plants in Wheat

Using Pingyangmycin (PYM) and Zhengdingmycin (ZDM) as mutagenic agents, we dis-covered that wheat (T. aestivum) matured embryos from different genotypes were different in their drug susceptivity. The calli of the genetypefor drug susceptible to drug were with high survival ratio in selective medium. The results indecate that it can induce calli of salt tolerance in inducing medium containing certain amount of mutagenic agent, After such calli were transfe-red to the differential medium with same amount of salt as the aelective medium, salt tolerant plants could be easily regenerated. Compared with the parents, the phenotype of M1 and M2 showed shorter on plant height and ear length, less plumpness of seed. The fertile ratio of M1 is only 5.5 percent, but that of MI rises to 40.9 percent. The proline content of seedling leaves of M?and their parents have been tested, The results indicated that proline contents of salt-enduring varients were higher than parents' in Hoagland solution containing no salt. Such varients are nonsusceptible to salt stress, their salt-enduring ability is higher than the contrast. Their salt-resistent ability are certainly stable.