甘肃尕海-则岔国家级自然保护区湿地鸟类多样性研究

鸟类多样性研究可以为地区生物多样性保护提供有效的思路与可靠的依据。2020-2022年对甘肃省碌曲县尕海-则岔国家级自然保护区湿地鸟类多样性进行调查，共记录到鸟类6目12科40种。其中，国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类2种，国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类2种。有2种调查鸟类被《中国脊椎动物红色名录》列为易危（VU）等级，4种被列为近危等级（NT）。依据居留型可将调查鸟类划分为夏候鸟（21种）、冬候鸟（7种）、旅鸟（12种）；依据《中国动物地理》，调查到的鸟类以全北型（11种）与古北型（11种）最多，其余为高地型（3种）、东洋型（6种）、中亚型（1种）、东北型（1种）、不易归类型（7种）。Shannon-Wiener多样性最高的年份是2022年。本结果为保护区湿地鸟类的保护工作提供了科学依据，并为维护保护区鸟类多样性提出建议。

Wetland bird diversity in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve， Gansu Province

Research on avian diversity provides effective strategies and reliable foundations for regional biodiversity conservation. A survey of avian diversity was conducted in Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve wefland， Luqu County， Gansu Province， China， from 2020 to 2022. A total of 40 bird species belonging to 12 families and 6 orders were recorded. Among them， 2 species were classified as class I national key protected birds， and 2 species as class Ⅱ national key protected birds. Two species were classified as vulnerable （VU） and 4 species as near threatened （NT） according to the “Red List of China’s Vertebrates”. Based on residency patterns， the surveyed birds were categorized as summer residents （21 species）， winter residents （7 species）， and migratory birds （12 species）. According to the “Zoogeography of China”， the recorded bird species were predominantly of the North Temperate Zone type （11 species） and the Palaearctic type （11 species）， while the rest included the Highland type （3 species）， the Oriental type （6 species）， the Central Asian type （1 species）， the Northeastern type （1 species）， and unclassifiable types （7 species）. The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity was observed in 2022. These findings offer scientific support for avian conservation efforts within the reserve and provide recommendations for maintaining avian diversity.