马鞍山遗址出土碎骨表面痕迹的分析

本文对马鞍山遗址 (1990年度) 出土的一千余件碎骨，借鉴中外学者的研究方法，就其表面痕迹作了尝试性的分析。结果发现，尽管痕迹特征标示出有风化、腐蚀、重力等自然营力的作用，以及动物啃咬等后期侵扰，但主要的特征——破碎状况尤其是管状骨骼的破碎程度和人工痕迹的特征——显示出，这些碎骨的产生主要是由于遗址占有者的活动——敲骨吸髓和制作骨制品造成的。由此，进而对遗址占有者的某些行为和遗址形成过程作了探讨。通过碎骨表面痕迹的分析，为该遗址的进一步综合研究提供了有助的资料和证据。

ANALYSIS OF BONE FRAGMENTS FROM MA'ANSHANSITE, GUIZHOU

More than 1,000 bone fragments from Ma'anshan site (excavated in 1990'), approximately 2 kilometers southwest of Tongzhi, Guizhou Province, exhibit characteristics of weathering, ero-sing processes, gravitational damage, and surface modifications by animals, particularly by ho-minids. The degree of fragmentation of the limb bones (limb shafts and limb ends), which is characterized by two indices: circumference and length indices for limb bone specimens, and the hominid modifications of these bones show that these fragments were formed mainly by marrow extracting and bone tool making. From these characteristics shown on the fragments, some behavior of the prehistoric habitants at the site and the formation process of the site are inferred. Analysis of these bone fragments provides some useful information for further study of the site.