Phthalides produced by Coccomyces strobi (Rhytismataceae,Rhytismatales) isolated from needles of Pinus strobus |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada;2. Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada;1. Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela;2. Research Institute, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis, University of Los Andes, Mérida, 5101, Venezuela;3. Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France;4. Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Guayaquil, Guayaquil, 090112, Ecuador;1. Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam;2. Center for Research and Technology Transfer, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam;3. Institute of Biotechnology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam;4. Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam;5. Hanoi College of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Viet Nam;1. Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79085, Germany;2. Centro Nacional de Innovaciones en Biotecnológicas, Pavas, 1174-1200, Costa Rica;3. Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica;4. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular and Escuela de Química. Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica;5. Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales and Escuela de Química. Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica;6. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica;1. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand;2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil;2. Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Brazil;3. NuBBE (Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecologia de Produtos Naturais), Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | As part of a broad survey of the metabolites produced by foliar endophytes of conifers, a strain was isolated from surface-sterilized needles collected from eastern white pine on the north shore of Lake Huron, Ontario. The isolate was sterile in culture. Species identity was not resolved by ITS sequence because of the absence of corresponding sequences in public sequence databases, however the strain was placed in Rhytismataceae (Rhytismatales). Field collections targeting Rhytismataceae species on Pinus strobus were conducted enabling the isolate to be identified as Coccomyces strobi. An extract of the culture filtrate demonstrated moderate antifungal activity. Two new phthalides, (±)-strobides A-B (1-2) and the known phytotoxin cyclopaldic acid (3) were characterized from C. strobi DAOMC 251937. This is the first record of the occurrence of this species as a foliar endophyte. Previous reports have suggested that it is a cambium endophyte associated with small cankers on branches. The production of the phytotoxin cyclopaldic acid suggests that C. strobi is a weak opportunistic pathogen, switching from an endophytic to a pathogenic phase when the host tissue becomes weakened. |
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| Keywords: | Endophytic fungi Phthalides Antifungal Phytotoxin |
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