The Specificity of Targeted Vaccines for APC Surface Molecules Influences the Immune Response Phenotype |
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| Authors: | Gunnveig Gr?deland Siri Mjaaland Gro Tunheim Agnete B Fredriksen Bjarne Bogen |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; 2. K.G. Jebsen Centre for Influenza Vaccine Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; 3. Centre for Immune Regulation (CIR), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; 4. Division for Infectious Disease Control, Department of Bacteriology and Infection Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; University of Delhi, India, |
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| Abstract: | Different diseases require different immune responses for efficient protection. Thus, prophylactic vaccines should prime the immune system for the particular type of response needed for protection against a given infectious agent. We have here tested fusion DNA vaccines which encode proteins that bivalently target influenza hemagglutinins (HA) to different surface molecules on antigen presenting cells (APC). We demonstrate that targeting to MHC class II molecules predominantly induced an antibody/Th2 response, whereas targeting to CCR1/3/5 predominantly induced a CD8+/Th1 T cell response. With respect to antibodies, the polarizing effect was even more pronounced upon intramuscular (i.m) delivery as compared to intradermal (i.d.) vaccination. Despite these differences in induced immune responses, both vaccines protected against a viral challenge with influenza H1N1. Substitution of HA with ovalbumin (OVA) demonstrated that polarization of immune responses, as a consequence of APC targeting specificity, could be extended to other antigens. Taken together, the results demonstrate that vaccination can be tailor-made to induce a particular phenotype of adaptive immune responses by specifically targeting different surface molecules on APCs. |
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