Enhanced anti-serpin antibody activity inhibits autoimmune inflammation in type 1 diabetes |
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Authors: | Czyzyk Jan Henegariu Octavian Preston-Hurlburt Paula Baldzizhar Raman Fedorchuk Christine Esplugues Enric Bottomly Kim Gorus Frans K Herold Kevan Flavell Richard A |
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Affiliation: | Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. jan_czyzyk@urmc.rochester.edu |
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Abstract: | Intracellular (clade B) OVA-serpin protease inhibitors play an important role in tissue homeostasis by protecting cells from death in response to hypo-osmotic stress, heat shock, and other stimuli. It is not known whether these serpins influence immunological tolerance and the risk for autoimmune diseases. We found that a fraction of young autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mice had elevated levels of autoantibodies against a member of clade B family known as serpinB13. High levels of anti-serpinB13 Abs were accompanied by low levels of anti-insulin autoantibodies, reduced numbers of islet-associated T cells, and delayed onset of diabetes. Exposure to anti-serpinB13 mAb alone also decreased islet inflammation, and coadministration of this reagent and a suboptimal dose of anti-CD3 mAb accelerated recovery from diabetes. In a fashion similar to that discovered in the NOD model, a deficiency in humoral activity against serpinB13 was associated with early onset of human type 1 diabetes. These findings suggest that, in addition to limiting exposure to proteases within the cell, clade B serpins help to maintain homeostasis by inducing protective humoral immunity. |
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