Human-specific LAIR2 contributes to the high invasiveness of human extravillous trophoblast cells |
| |
Authors: | Jianbing Liu Haoqi Zhao Fang Zhou Yu Huang Xihua Chen Shufang Wang Jianqing Hao Xiangbo Xu Bin He Jiedong Wang |
| |
Institution: | 1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 030001, China;2. Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China;3. Department of Computer Teaching, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, 030001, China |
| |
Abstract: | The placenta is a temporary vital organ for intra-uterine development and growth. The anatomical structure of the placenta has evolved substantially, resulting in broad inter-species diversity. In particular, human placental extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) have evolved aggressive features, although the mechanism underlying this aggressiveness remains elusive. In the present study, we compared the human and mouse homologous gene databases and obtained 2272 human-specific genes, 807 of which are expressed in the placenta according to the UniGene database. Using the human trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo, we further verified the expression and function of one of these genes, the leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2 (LAIR2). This gene shows increased expression during pregnancy and its reduced expression is associated with pregnancy complications. Although LAIR2 was expressed in the human placenta villus and decidua in the first trimester of pregnancy, it was not expressed in mouse tissues. Knockdown of LAIR2 markedly improved cell viability and inhibited the invasive ability of HTR8/SVneo cells. These data suggest that species-specific genes are pivotal to the evolution of a more aggressive human placenta to match the physiological demands of human development. Further investigation is required to obtain evidence on the function of LAIR2 and other specific genes in the placenta, providing insight on the mechanism, properties, and possible applications of this in humans. |
| |
Keywords: | Corresponding authors at: Reproductive Physiology Laboratory National Research Institute for Family Planning No 12 Dahuisi Road Haidian District Beijing 100081 China Species-specific genes Homologous genes Cell proliferation Cell invasion |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|