Post-autotomy regeneration of respiratory trees in the holothurian Apostichopus japonicus (Holothuroidea, Aspidochirotida) |
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Authors: | Igor Y Dolmatov Talia T Ginanova |
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Institution: | (1) A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia |
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Abstract: | Specialised respiratory organs, viz. the respiratory trees attached to the dorsal part of the cloaca, are present in most
holothurians. These organs evolved within the class Holothuroidea and are absent in other echinoderms. Some holothurian species
can regenerate their respiratory trees but others lack this ability. Respiratory trees therefore provide a model for investigating
the origin and evolution of repair mechanisms in animals. We conducted a detailed morphological study of the regeneration
of respiratory trees after their evisceration in the holothurian Apostichopus japonicus. Regeneration of the respiratory trees occurred rapidly and, on the 15th day after evisceration, their length reached 15–20 mm.
Repair involved cells of the coelomic and luminal epithelia of the cloaca. Peritoneocytes and myoepithelial cells behaved
differently during regeneration: the peritoneocytes kept their intercellular junctions and migrated as a united layer, whereas
groups of myoepithelial cells disaggregated and migrated as individual cells. Although myoepithelial cells did not divide
during regeneration, the peritoneocytes proliferated actively. The contractile system of the respiratory trees was assumed
to develop during regeneration by the migration of myoepithelial cells from the coelomic epithelium of the cloaca. The luminal
epithelium of the respiratory trees formed as a result of dedifferentiation, migration and transformation of cells of the
cloaca lining. The mode of regeneration of holothurian respiratory trees is discussed.
This work was funded by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 08–04–00284) to I.Y.D. and by
a grant from the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project
no. 09–04–98547) to T.T.G. |
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Keywords: | Regeneration Holothurian Respiratory trees Apostichopus japonicus (Echinodermata) |
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