Localization of the ultraviolet-sensor Opn5m and its effect on myopia-related gene expression in the late-embryonic chick eye |
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| Authors: | Mutsuko Kato Keita Sato Munenori Habuta Hirofumi Fujita Tetsuya Bando Yuki Morizane Fumio Shiraga Satoru Miyaishi Hideyo Ohuchi |
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| Abstract: | Recent studies show that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light suppresses ocular elongation, which causes myopia development. However, the specific mechanisms of this process have not been elucidated. A UV-sensor, Opsin 5 (Opn5) mRNA was shown to be present in extraretinal tissues. To test the possibility that UV-signals mediated by Opn5 would have a direct effect on the outer connective tissues of the eye, we first examined the expression patterns of a mammalian type Opn5 (Opn5m) in the late-embryonic chicken eye. Quantitative PCR showed Opn5m mRNA expression in the cornea and sclera. The anti-Opn5m antibody stained a small subset of cells in the corneal stroma and fibrous sclera. We next assessed the effect of UV-A (375 nm) irradiation on the chicken fibroblast cell line DF-1 overexpressing chicken Opn5m. UV-A irradiation for 30 min significantly increased the expression of Early growth response 1 (Egr1), known as an immediate early responsive gene, and of Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) in the presence of retinal chromophore 11-cis-retinal. In contrast, expression of Transforming growth factor beta 2 and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 was not significantly altered. These results indicate that UV-A absorption by Opn5m can upregulate the expression levels of Egr1 and Mmp2 in non-neuronal, fibroblasts. Taken together with the presence of Opn5m in the cornea and sclera, it is suggested that UV-A signaling mediated by Opn5 in the extraretinal ocular tissues could influence directly the outer connective tissues of the chicken late-embryonic eye. |
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| Keywords: | Opsin 5 UV-Absorbing pigment Fibroblasts Chicken Egr1 Mmp2 cAMP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" cyclic adenosine monophosphate Egr1" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Early growth response 1 Gapdh" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase MAP kinase" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mitogen-activated protein kinase Mmp2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Matrix metalloproteinase 2 Opn5" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Opsin 5 Opn5m" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mammalian type Opn5 qPCR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" quantitative polymerase chain reaction Tgfb2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Transforming growth factor beta 2 Timp2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 UV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" ultraviolet UV-A" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" ultraviolet-A |
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