Long non‐coding RNAs in rheumatoid arthritis |
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Authors: | Zheng Li Xingye Li Chao Jiang Wenwei Qian Gary Tse Matthew TV Chan William KK Wu |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China;2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Jishuitan Orthopaedic College of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;3. Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China;4. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;5. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong;6. State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease and LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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Abstract: | Rheumatoid arthritis, a disabling autoimmune disease, is associated with altered gene expression in circulating immune cells and synovial tissues. Accumulating evidence has suggested that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which modulate gene expression through multiple mechanisms, are important molecules involved in immune and inflammatory pathways. Importantly, many studies have reported that lncRNAs can be utilized as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognostication. Recently, dysregulation of lncRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases has been revealed. Experimental studies also confirmed their crosstalk with matrix metalloproteinases, nuclear factor‐κB signalling and T‐cell response pertinent to autoimmunity and inflammation. Circulating lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, differentiated patients with rheumatoid arthritis from healthy subjects. Taken together, lncRNAs are good candidates as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis. Further investigation on in vivo delivery of these regulatory molecules and large‐cohort validation of their clinical applicability may be useful. |
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