种子细胞——组织工程连载之三

种子细胞也是组织工程的核心研究内容，获得足够数量和质量的种子细胞是开展体外组织工程的必要基础。用于组织工程的种子细胞必须具有形成新组织结构的能力，主要来源于自体、同种异体或异种，在具体应用时各有利弊。一些成体干细胞由于不存在伦理争议以及发育分化条件相对简单等优势是重要的种子细胞，包括造血干细胞、骨髓干细胞、神经干细胞、脂肪干细胞、皮肤干细胞。人胚胎干细胞及其组织工程要真正在临床医学中得到应用，还有很长的一段路要走。其他一些细胞也可以作为组织工程种子细胞，包括内皮细胞、上皮细胞、成纤维细胞、骨细胞、成骨细胞、角质细胞、前脂肪细胞、脂肪细胞、肌腱细胞等。这些细胞已分化，分裂能力有限，但仍应用于组织工程。理想的种子细胞具有一定标准。

Seed Cells

Seed cell is another main research content of tissue engineering. To obtain enough quantity and quality of seed cell is necessary for research and application of tissue engineering. The seed cells for tissue engineering must have an ability of developing new tissue structure, which are mainly autologous, allogeneic and heterogenou and have different advantages and disadvantages when using. Some adult stem cells including hematopoietic stem cell, bone marrow stem cell, neural stem cell, adipose-derived stem cell and skin stem cell are important seed cells for no ethic disputes and relatively simple developing differentiation conditions, etc. Human embryonic stem cell and its tissue engineering still need a long way to go if they are applied in clinical medicine. Other cells can also be used as tissue engineering seed cells, including endothelial cells, epithelial cells, fibroblast cells, bone cells, osteoblast cells, horn cells, preadipose cells, adipose cells, tendon cells, etc. These cells are differentiated and have a limited ability of division but still applied in tissue engineering. Ideal seed cells have certain standards.