抗菌肽对细菌杀伤作用的分子机制

抗菌肽是一类新型的抗菌物质，从最低等的生物病毒、细菌到高等的动植物都有广泛分布. 以往的研究主要集中于抗菌肽对细菌细胞膜的作用机制，已经构建了三种作用模式. 但近几年的研究表明，很多抗菌肽都能有效地穿过细菌的细胞膜，直接与胞内分子相互作用，并不引起膜的破裂. 抗菌肽根据其结构特点有着多种杀菌穿膜的机制，其后分别与胞内的靶分子如核酸，蛋白质，信号转导通路等互相作用，最终实现对细菌的杀伤作用.

Molecular Mechanisms of Antibacterial Peptides Against Bacterium

Antibacterial peptides (ABP) are a new type of antimicrobial substance. It is widely distributed in many living organisms, from the lowest virus and germs to the higher propagation. The research foregone mostly focused on the mechanism of ABP against the cell membrane, and three modes have been put forward. Recent researches indicate that many antibacterial peptides can penetrate into the bacterial cell effectively. They act on biologic molecules inside bacterium directly without disruption of the membrane. According to different structure of antibacterial peptides, there are several mechanisms to penetrating through the membrane. By interacting with nucleic acids, proteins and signal transmissions, antibacterial peptides can finally kill and wound bacterium.