模式植物短柄草研究新进展

短柄草(Brachypodium distachyon)株型矮小,易于种植栽培,生长周期短,自花授粉,容易繁殖。另外,短柄草基因组比较小,易于转化,与小麦具有比较近的亲缘关系,是理想的草类特别是禾本科模式植物。近年来,短柄草的研究工作在细胞遗传学、基因组学、比较基因组学、植物-病原菌相互作用、功能基因组学等研究领域取得了许多进展,包括完成了Bd-21全基因组的测序工作、构建了T-DNA插入突变体库、用遗传学的方法首次研究短柄草基因的生物学功能等。本文综述了近年来特别是2009年以来短柄草的研究进展,并对未来的研究工作做了展望。

Advances in the Research of Model Plant Brachypodium distachyon

Brachypodium distachyon has relative small plant size,and short life cycle and is easy to cultivate.Additionally,it has other advantages such as self fertilization,high grain yield and efficient transformation system.Especially,it has the smallest genomes of reported grasses and is close relative of wheat in phylogenetic tree.Because of these advantages or characteristics,B.distachyon is one desirable model system for research work.In recent years,many important advances were made in cytogenetic,genomics,comparative genomics,functional genomics,plant-pathogen interactions and other fields.These advances include the completion of the whole genome sequencing,the improved and optimized transformation system and the construction of the T-DNA insertion mutant library,etc.This review mainly summarized the latest progresses in this field and made a prospect to the future.