杞麓湖鲤鱼鳞片表面结构的扫描电镜观察

采用扫描电镜技术对鲤科鱼类鳞片表面结构进行观察研究,目前国内尚未见报道。本工作主要以杞麓湖的鲤鱼为研究对象,同时观察了鲤亚科其他属鱼类的鳞片表面结构,发现鳞纹上的齿状粒突可能是从无到有,同时探察此结构有无可能作为分类的一项指标。鉴于杞麓鲤的鳞纹上具齿状粒突,而华南鲤则无,再综合考虑二者骨骼性状的差异,作者认为,这些性状可作为将杞麓鲤由普通鲤的一个亚种提升为一个独立种级地位的证据。从鳞片辐射沟的亚显微结构推测,辐射沟具有两方面的功能,一方面可对鳞片的热胀冷缩起缓冲作用:另一方面可增强鳞片的柔软弯曲性。

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS ON SCALE SURFACE STRUCTURES OF CYPRINUS IN QILU LAKE, YUNNAN

The present paper mainly deals with the scales, surface structures of 5 species of Cyprinus in Qilu Lake by means of scanning electron microscopy. The scales of other genera of subfamily Cyprininae are observed in the same time. It is described in detail that morphological characters of the scales including circuli, focus and radii. Denticular knobbles on the circuit are only found in chilia among 5 species of Cyprinus. They are also found in Cara-ssioides cantonensis and Carassius auratus. The former studies were showed that Carassioides and Carassius wore the advanced group in Cypriuiriae. Based on above facts, it is inferred that denticular knobbles, are derived from normal circuli. Scales with denticular knobbles, or without them are a good diagnostic character for taxonomic identification. Cyprinus carpio chilia and Cyprinus car pio rubrofuscus were seen as different subspecies. Now authors are inclined that Cyprinus car pio chilia is deserved the statu of species instead of subspecies according the evidences that scale of chilia is with denticular knobbles and rubrofuscus without them, that skull of rubrofuscus is with fontanelle and chilia's without it. Depending on ultrastructure of radii, it is deduced that radii may act on two aspects. One is that it may regulate expansion or contraction of scales because of fluctuation of surrounding water temperature. The other is that it may strengthen flexibility of scales.