Sun‐induced freckling: ephelides and solar lentigines |
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| Authors: | Christian Praetorius Richard A Sturm Eirikur Steingrimsson |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, , Reykjavik, Iceland;2. Melanogenix Group, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, , Brisbane, Qld, Australia;3. Dermatology Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, , Brisbane, Qld, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Freckles, the lay term for ephelides and lentigines, are important pigmentation characteristics observed in humans. Both are affected by sunlight; ephelides are largely genetically determined but induced by sunlight, whereas lentigines are induced by sun exposure and photodamage of the skin. However, despite being commonly observed, we know very little about them. Here, we review the current status of knowledge about freckles and propose a model for their formation. |
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| Keywords: | freckles ephelides solar lentigines melanocytes stem cells |
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