Plasticity in response to phosphorus and light availability in four forest herbs |
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Authors: | Lander Baeten Margot Vanhellemont Pieter De Frenne An De Schrijver Martin Hermy Kris Verheyen |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Forestry, Department of Forest and Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Gontrode (Melle), Belgium;(2) Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, K.U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Louvain, Belgium |
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Abstract: | The differential ability of forest herbs to colonize secondary forests on former agricultural land is generally attributed
to different rates of dispersal. After propagule arrival, however, establishing individuals still have to cope with abiotic
soil legacies from former agricultural land use. We focused on the plastic responses of forest herbs to increased phosphorus
availability, as phosphorus is commonly found to be persistently bioavailable in post-agricultural forest soils. In a pot
experiment performed under field conditions, we applied three P levels to four forest herbs with contrasting colonization
capacities: Anemone nemorosa, Primula elatior, Circaea lutetiana and Geum urbanum. To test interactions with light availability, half of the replicas were covered with shade cloths. After two growing seasons,
we measured aboveground P uptake as well as vegetative and regenerative performance. We hypothesized that fast-colonizing
species respond the most opportunistically to increased P availability, and that a low light availability can mask the effects
of P on performance. All species showed a significant increase in P uptake in the aboveground biomass. The addition of P had
a positive effect on the vegetative performances of two of the species, although this was unrelated to their colonization
capacities. The regenerative performance was affected by light availability (not by P addition) and was related to the species’
phenology. Forest herbs can obviously benefit from the increased availability of P in post-agricultural forests, but not all
species respond in the same way. Such differential patterns of plasticity may be important in community dynamics, as they
affect the interactions among species. |
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