Continuous biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) may be required for maintaining dormancy of isolated embryos and intact seeds of Euonymus alatus |
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Authors: | Chandra Thammina Mingyang He Hao Yu Yongqin Chen Ying Gai Kaishuang Cao Litang Lu Degang Zhao Yuejin Wang Richard McAvoy Donna Ellis Yi Li |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA 2. College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China 3. Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China 4. College of Horticulture, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, 712100, China
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Abstract: | Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. is a popular landscape plant in the United States due to its brilliant red fall foliage. It is also an important ornamental plant in many other areas of the world such as China, Japan and Europe. However, E. alatus is considered as a highly invasive plant species in the US. Mutation breeding can be used to create sterile, non-invasive cultivars. Seeds are the most commonly used explants for mutagen treatments, but E. alatus mature seeds possess prolonged dormancy and only a low percentage of them germinate even after 18?months of cold stratification. Here we report an immature embryo culture method for E. alatus ??Compactus?? to circumvent the seed dormancy problem. Also, we have found that activated charcoal, gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) can reduce the dormancy of isolated embryos, which suggests that abscisic acid (ABA) might play a role in controlling seed dormancy. We have further demonstrated that exogenous ABA enhances dormancy of isolated E. alatus embryos while fluridone, an inhibitor for ABA biosynthesis, can effectively break their dormancy. These results, particularly the effect of fluridone, suggest that continuous ABA biosynthesis plays an important role in controlling the dormancy of E. alatus seeds. |
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