Rearing,release and settlement prospect in Italy of Torymus sinensis, the biological control agent of the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus |
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Authors: | Ambra Quacchia Seiichi Moriya Giovanni Bosio Ivano Scapin Alberto Alma |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Exploitation and Protection of Agricultural and Forestry Resources Di.Va.P.R.A., Entomology and Zoology applied to the Environment “Carlo Vidano”, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci, 44, Grugliasco, TO, 10095, Italy;(2) National Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1, Kannondai, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan;(3) Phytosanitary Service, Piemonte Region, Via Livorno, 60, Torino, 10144, Italy |
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Abstract: | Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), is one of the most serious pests attacking chestnut trees. Recently it was incidentally introduced into Northwest Italy and it is now spreading throughout Europe. This pest was successfully controlled in Japan by introducing a parasitoid, Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), from China’s mainland. Following this successful experience, the parasitoid was introduced into Italy from Japan. One year of preliminary studies led to a successful method of rearing imported galls with a synchronization between the parasitoid’s emergence and the presence of the target galls in the field. In two consecutive years, a total of 2,117 individuals were released in several sites covering most of the infested area. There are encouraging data about the settlement of the parasitoid and its synchrony with the host’s cycle: from about 64,000 host galls collected in the field over 200 T. sinensis were reared. The role of native parasitoids associated with the chestnut gall pest in its Italian distribution range is also discussed. |
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Keywords: | Biological control Chestnut gall wasp Cynipidae Dryocosmus kuriphilus Exotic pest Parasitoid Torymidae Torymus sinensis |
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