香蕉种植密度对蕉园光能利用与产量的影响

本试验研究了福建沿海地区蕉园种植密度与光能利用效率和产量之间的关系。结果表明,适当提高种植密度,可增加香蕉单位空间的光能利用,充分利用地力,改善蕉园生态条件,显著地提高香蕉亩产量。亩植160～180株是沿海地区达到高产稳产的有效措施。

THE EFFECTS OF PLANTING DENSITY ON THE LIGHT ENERGY UTILIZATION IN BANANA ORCHARD AND THE YIELD

The growth characters of banana (Musa acuminata cv. Dwarf Davendish') at three planting densities (1995, 2400, 2775 plants/ha, respectively) and the orchard light intensity were studied, and the comparative test was conducted with the yield effects of the three planting densities under the habitat with strong wind, thin soil layer and sandy, poor organic matter and low fertile soil in Fujian coastal areas. The results showed that the growth characters at three planting densities were roughly the same,but there were significant differences among light intensity, light energy utilization in orchard and yield. The relative light intensities in the orchard were 69.1%, 9.3% and 6.6%, respectively, at heading and bearing stage. Two years' yield were 26.5, 32.2, 35.2 tons/ha, respectively. The yield could be increased by rational close planting and maximum utilization of light energy and soil fertility in the habitat of windy, poor soil fertility under coastal conditions. It suggests that the optimum planting density of banana is 2400-2700 plants/ha.The result presents an effective way to increase banana yield in poor soil under coastal conditions, which wouldn't decrease individual plant yield due to too close density but make full use of light energy and soil fertility.