从16S rRNA基因序列初步探讨拟壁钱属和壁钱属蜘蛛系统发生关系

拟壁钱属Oecobius和壁钱属Uroctea蜘蛛之间系统发生关系存在一定的争议.为从分子水平探讨两属间系统发生关系,本研究测定了5科6种蜘蛛的16S rRNA基因部分序列,并联合来自GenBank的8科8种蜘蛛16S rRNA基因序列数据重建分子系统树.结果表明,拟壁钱属和壁钱属间遗传距离(28.1%)明显大于复杂生殖器类(Entelegynae)蜘蛛属间遗传距离的平均值(22.9%);与目前大多数文献把拟壁钱属和壁钱属并在一个科的观点相反,本研究重建的系统发生树显示两属不是姊妹群.作者建议把拟壁钱属和壁钱属分别重新划回拟壁钱科Oecobiidae和壁钱科Urocteidae.系统发生树还验证了简单生殖器类(Haplogynae)蜘蛛、复杂生殖器类蜘蛛各自的单系性以及筛器类(Cribellate)蜘蛛的多系发生,同时本文的结果还对圆网蛛类(Orbiclariae)单系发生及RTA类群单系发生的有效性提出了质疑.

PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SPIDER GENUS OECOBIUS AND UROCTEA INFERRED FROM 16S rRNA GENE SEQUENCFS

Phylogenetic relationship between the spider genus Oecobius and Uroctea,which has been the subject of argument,was reexamined in the light of molecular evidence.In the present study,mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene fragments of six species of spiders were amplified and sequenced,and 16S rRNA gene sequences of other eight species were from GenBank.Genetic distance(28.1%)between genus Oecobius and Uroctea was evidently higher than average genetic distance(22.9%)among entelegyne genera,moreover,the resulting phylogeny showed that genus Oecobius and Uroctea,which were placed in the same family Oecobiidae in most current papers,are not a sister group in the infraorder Araneomorphae.We suggest that the genus Oecobius and Uroctea should be placed back to different families(Oecobiidae and Urocteidae)respectively.The reconstructed phylogenetic trees also confirm the monophyly of Haplogynae,the monophyly of Entelegynae as well as the polyphyly of Cribellate.In addition,the validities of Orbiculariae and RTA clade were quentioned and discussed.