Metabolic engineering of flavonoids in plants and microorganisms |
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Authors: | Wang Yechun Chen Steven Yu Oliver |
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Institution: | (1) Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA;(2) Blue California, 30111 Tomas, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688, USA |
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Abstract: | Over 9,000 flavonoid compounds have been found in various plants, comprising one of the largest families of natural products.
Flavonoids are an essential factor in plant interactions with the environment, often serving as the first line of defense
against UV irradiation and pathogen attacks. Flavonoids are also major nutritional compounds in foods and beverages, with
demonstrated health benefits. Some flavonoids are potent antioxidants, and specific flavonoid compounds are beneficial in
many physiological and pharmacological processes. Therefore, engineering of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants or in microorganisms
has significant scientific and economical importance. Construction of biosynthetic pathways in heterologous systems offers
promising results for large-scale flavonoid production by fermentation or bioconversion. Genomics and metabolomics now offer
unprecedented tools for detailed understanding of the engineered transgenic organism and for developing novel technologies
to further increase flavonoid production yields. We summarize some of the recent metabolic engineering strategies in plants
and microorganisms, with a focus on applications of metabolic flux analysis. We are confident that these engineering approaches
will lead to successful industrial flavonoid production in the near future. |
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