Estimating the biomass of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from shell dimensions |
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Authors: | Charles G Golightly Jr Robert J Kosinski |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706 Madison, Wisconsin;(2) Present address: Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources, 3911 Fish Hatchery Rd, 53711 Madison, Wisconsin |
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Abstract: | Packs of autumn-shed maple leaves were placed at coal ash effluent-exposed and reference sites in streams on December 5, 1977 and removed after 27 and 96 days. Leaf surface area (cm2/leaf) and disc weight (ash-free dry wt/15 mm disc) were greater at the effluent-exposed site than at the reference site after 96 days (p < .001). ATP content of leaves from the reference stream quadrupled between 27 and 96 days while ATP content of effluent-exposed leaves remained low. Macroinvertebrates colonized the leaf packs in the reference site but were not found on or in effluent-exposed packs. We concluded that leaf processing beyond the leaching of soluble organics did not occur in the effluent-exposed packs owing to reduced colonization and decomposition by fungi. Since stream invertebrates prefer decomposed leaf material and animals grow faster on leaves colonized by microbes, the ash effuent appears to indirectly affect macroinvertebrates by interfering with leaf decomposition and thus reducing the quality of their food. |
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Keywords: | leaf decomposition coal ash effluent microbial biomass fungi macroinvertebrate food quality |
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