Local adaptation in oviposition choice of a specialist herbivore: The cinnabar moth |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for BioScience & Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi''an, China;2. Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands;3. RIKILT-Wageningen UR, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, s/n, ‘‘C1’’, Petrolina, PE CEP 56300-990, Brazil;3. Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Núcleo de Biologia Aplicada, Rod. MG 424 KM 45 - Bairro Esmeraldas, SN, Caixa Postal 285, CEP 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil;4. Agroscope, Ecotoxicology, Schloss 1, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;1. University of Azores - Biotechnology Center of Azores (CBA-UAç), Department of Agricultural Sciences, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal;2. Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) / Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA), Department of Agricultural Sciences, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal;3. Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal;4. Biotechnology Center of Azores (CBA-UAç), University of Azores, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal;5. Academy of Sciences Czech Republic, Institute of Botany, CZ-25243 Pruhonice, Czech Republic;6. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK;7. School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;8. University of Aveiro, Department of Biology & GeoBioTec, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;9. Canarian Institute of Agricultural Research (ICIA), Finca “Isamar”, Ctra. de El Boquerón, Valle Guerra La Laguna, Tenerife, Canarias, Spain;1. Division of Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;2. Swiss Ornithological Institute, Valais Field Station, 1950 Sion, Switzerland;1. Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, NO-2480, Koppang, Norway;2. P.O. Box 816, Otjiwarongo Namibia |
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| Abstract: | Specialist herbivores feed on a restricted number of related plant species and may suffer food shortage if overexploitation leads to periodic defoliation of their food plants. The density, size and quality of food plants are important factors that determine the host plant choice of specialist herbivores. To explore how all these factors influence their oviposition behaviour, we used the cinnabar moth Tyria jacobaeae and the hybrids of a cross between Jacobaea vulgaris and J. aquatica as a study system. While defoliation by the cinnabar moth is common in the coastal area of The Netherlands, it is relatively rare in inland ragwort population. Ragworts contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and those that are found in coastal areas are rich in jacobine-like PAs while those that occur inland are rich in erucifoline-like PAs. We tested how the oviposition preference was influenced by plant size, nitrogen and water content and PA composition. We used cinnabar moth populations from a regularly defoliated area, Meijendel, and Bertogne, a rarely defoliated area. Our results revealed no effects of nitrogen or water content on oviposition preference. Moths from both populations laid larger egg batches on the plants rich in jacobine-like PAs. Moths from Meijendel preferred larger plants and spread their eggs over more egg batches that were, on average, smaller than those of Bertogne moths. These results suggest that Meijendel moths adopted a oviposition strategy to cope with potential defoliation. |
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| Keywords: | Egg batch Plant size Defoliation Batch size |
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