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A feasible and automatic free tool for T1 and ECV mapping
Institution:1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy;2. Division of Cardiology, P.O. Di Venere, 70123 Bari, Italy;3. Division of Cardiology, P.O. V. Emanuele II, 76011 Bisceglie, Italy;4. Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Abstract:PurposeCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a useful non-invasive tool for characterizing tissues and detecting myocardial fibrosis and edema. Estimation of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) using T1 sequences is emerging as an accurate biomarker in cardiac diseases associated with diffuse fibrosis. In this study, automatic software for T1 and ECV map generation consisting of an executable file was developed and validated using phantom and human data.MethodsT1 mapping was performed in phantoms and 30 subjects (22 patients and 8 healthy subjects) on a 1.5T MR scanner using the modified Look-Locker inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequence prototype before and 15 min after contrast agent administration. T1 maps were generated using a Fast Nonlinear Least Squares algorithm. Myocardial ECV maps were generated using both pre- and post-contrast T1 image registration and automatic extraction of blood relaxation rates.ResultsUsing our software, pre- and post-contrast T1 maps were obtained in phantoms and healthy subjects resulting in a robust and reliable quantification as compared to reference software. Coregistration of pre- and post-contrast images improved the quality of ECV maps. Mean ECV value in healthy subjects was 24.5% ± 2.5%.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that it is possible to obtain accurate T1 maps and informative ECV maps using our software. Pixel-wise ECV maps obtained with this automatic software made it possible to visualize and evaluate the extent and severity of ECV alterations.
Keywords:Cardiac magnetic resonance  T1 mapping  ECV mapping  Myocardial fibrosis
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