Nitrogen amendment of green waste impacts microbial community,enzyme secretion and potential for lignocellulose decomposition |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA;2. Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;3. Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA;4. Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA;1. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia;2. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade, Serbia;1. Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Głeboka 30, 20-612, Lublin, Poland;2. Department of Animal Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033, Lublin, Poland;1. National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;3. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China |
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| Abstract: | Microorganisms involved in biomass deconstruction are an important resource for organic waste recycling and enzymes for lignocellulose bioconversion. The goals of this study were to examine the impact of nitrogen amendment on microbial community restructuring, secretion of xylanases and endoglucanases, and potential for biomass deconstruction. Communities were cultivated aerobically at 55 °C on green waste (GW) amended with varying levels of NH4Cl. Bacterial and fungal communities were determined using 16S rRNA and ITS region gene sequencing and PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) was applied to predict relative abundance of genes involved in lignocellulose hydrolysis. Nitrogen amendment significantly increased secretion of xylanases and endoglucanases, and microbial activity; enzyme activities and cumulative respiration were greatest when nitrogen level in GW was between 4.13–4.56 wt% (g/g), but decreased with higher nitrogen levels. The microbial community shifted to one with increasing potential to decompose complex polymers as nitrogen increased with peak potential occurring between 3.79–4.45 wt% (g/g) nitrogen amendment. The results will aid in informing the management of nitrogen level to foster microbial communities capable of secreting enzymes that hydrolyze recalcitrant polymers in lignocellulose and yield rapid decomposition of green waste. |
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| Keywords: | Municipal green waste Compost PICRUSt Biomass deconstruction Carbon to nitrogen ratio |
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