Co-fermentation of lignocellulose-based glucose and inhibitory compounds for lipid synthesis by Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou 310053, PR China;2. Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;5. Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;6. Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;4. United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53726;1. Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, UP, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, Delhi, India;3. School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom;1. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;2. Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Processing Technology and Product Safety of Natural Products, College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;4. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;1. Center for the Environment, Indian Institute Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India;2. Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India |
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| Abstract: | The recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass entails pretreatment during which multiple byproducts (e.g., weak acids, furan derivatives, lignin-derived compounds) are generated. Such byproducts are generally inhibitory to fuel-producing microorganisms. In this study, lignin-derived monomers and acetate were co-fermented with glucose by Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 for lipid synthesis. The ability of R. jostii RHA1 to utilize acetate and representative lignin-derived monomers, namely p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxylic acid, and vanillic acid, were tested. The experimental results showed that R. jostii RHA1 utilized individual lignin monomers in varying degrees. The mixtures of inhibitory compounds at different levels showed higher toxicity than individual compounds, indicating synergistic effects of these monomers. When the mixture contained lower levels of glucose (5 g/L or below), adaptive-evolved (AE) R. jostii RHA1 utilized such inhibitory mixtures better for lipid synthesis. When the glucose levels were increased to 20 g/L or above, adaption evolution appeared to shorten the lag phase of co-fermentation but not necessarily enhance lipid production. This study demonstrated that R. jostii RHA1 was capable of utilizing commonly unfavorable carbon sources for lipid synthesis, which would also serve as a means to in situ detoxify inhibitory compounds. |
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| Keywords: | Lignin Detoxification Biomass Co-fermentation Lipid |
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