Cell adaptations of Rhodococcus rhodochrous IEGM 66 to betulin biotransformation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Alkanotrophic Microorganisms, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Str., 614081 Perm, Russia;2. Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Technical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ak. Korolev Str., 614013 Perm, Russia;3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990, Perm, Russia;1. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia;2. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade, Serbia;1. Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Mira St., 19, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia;2. Department of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Ural State Forest Engineering University, Siberian Highway, 37, 620100 Yekaterinburg, Russia;3. Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;4. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrent’ev Av., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China;2. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, Hunan, China;1. Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;2. Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, China;1. Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990, Perm, Russia;2. Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, 18 Portovaya Str., 685000, Magadan, Russia;3. Association “Maritime Heritage: Explore & Sustain”, Icebreaker “Krassin”, the Lieutenant Schmidt emb., 23 Line, 199106, Saint-Petersburg, Russia;4. Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Str., 614081, Perm, Russia;5. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36 Nakhimovsky Prospekt, 117997, Moscow, Russia;6. Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering Str., 198397, Saint-Petersburg, Russia;1. Department of Dermatology, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100091, PR China;2. Department of Orthopaedics, Heji Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical School, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, 046000, PR China;3. Department of Plastic Surgery, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100091, PR China;4. Department of Dermatology, China Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, 100061, PR China;5. Department of Stomatology, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100091, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The findings of a comprehensive study on R. rhodochrous IEGM 66 and triterpenoid betulin interactions during its biotransformation were reported. In the presence of betulin, rhodococci were shown to form heterogeneous cell aggregates. The enhanced size of the aggregates from 12–15 μm to 25– 35 μm was consistent with the increase in betulin concentration from 0.5 to 3.0 g/L. The confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated a high (80.0%) level of rhodococcal viability during betulin biotransformation regardless of the betulin concentration. Experiments employing the combined confocal laser scanning and atomic force microscopy system confirmed that interactions between actinobacterial cells and betulin occur by direct contact. Transforming activities of the crude cell extracts from R. rhodochrous IEGM 66 were compared, and localization of enzymes catalyzing betulin oxidation to betulone was determined. Additionally the effects of betulin on fatty acid composition of rhodococci and their morphometric and morphofunctional characteristics during biotransformation were studied. Our findings could be used to develop approaches for enhanced betulin bioavailability, thus leading to improved biotransformation efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | Cell-substrate interactions Betulin Atomic force microscopy Confocal laser scanning microscopy |
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