辽东山区次生林生态系统大、中型土壤动物组成与季节动态

土壤动物是次生林生态系统的重要组成成分.为探讨次生林生态系统不同林型对大、中型土壤动物群落结构特征的影响,于2007年对东部山区次生林生态系统中5个主要林型的土壤动物群落进行了观测和分析.共获取土壤动物36210只,分别隶属于2门8纲32目.优势类群为真螨目(Acariformes)和弹尾目(Collembola).分析结果表明:(1)人工林大、中型土壤动物类群数和个体数波动大于次生林;(2)除落叶松人工林外,其他林型大、中型土壤动物生物量在7月份达到最大值;(3)除胡桃楸林外,其他林型大、中型土壤动物多样性在9月份达到最大值.结果表明,次生林较人工林土壤动物群落在生长季中波动范围小、多样性高.

Composition and seasonal dynamics of macro- and meso- soil fauna in secondary forest ecosystems of Liaodong montane area, China

Soil fauna is the important composition in secondary forest ecosystems. As one of the most important factors, vegetation type plays a critical role in influencing the composition and vertical distribution of soil fauna. Aiming to survey the impact of different forest types in secondary forests on composition and dynamics of macro- and meso- soil fauna, macro- and meso-soil fauna within five major forest types of secondary forest ecosystems was investigated in 2007. There were 36210 in total macro- and meso- soil fauna found in the investigation, which belonged to 2 phyla, 8 classes and 32 orders. The dominant groups were Acariformes and Collembola. The results showed that: (1) the fluctuation of groups and individuals in planted forest stands was much greater than that in the secondary forest stands, which indicated that habitats of secondary forest stands were more stable for soil fauna than those in planted forest stands; (2) the biomass of macro- and meso soil fauna in July reached the maximum, except larch planted forest stands and (3) biodiversity index of macro-and meso- soil fauna reached the maximum in September, except Manchurian walnut forest stands. The above results indicated that fluctuation of groups and individuals of soil fauna in secondary forest stands was less fluctuant and more diverse than those in planted forest stands.