细菌作为抗肿瘤剂的研究进展

厌氧和兼性厌氧细菌能够专一性地优先累积在肿瘤的低氧量和坏死的区域，这使其具有很好的靶向性。它们能够分泌毒素或水解酶以及引起针对肿瘤的免疫反应，具有溶瘤作用。基因工程技术能够改造这些细菌使其具有抗肿瘤的特性，进一步增加治疗效果。最新的研究发现，这些细菌的某些代谢产物也具有增强肿瘤治疗效果的作用，为肿瘤的治疗提供了新的思路。本文对细菌作为抗肿瘤剂的相关研究进行综述。

Progress of bacteria as anti-tumor agents

The obligate anaerobes and facultative anaerobes tend to be accumulated specifically in the hypoxic and necrotic regions of tumors as these regions provide those bacteria with necessary anaerobic microenviron- ment for bacterial germination, which would lead to better tumor targeting. These bacteria have oncolytic abilities, because they can secrete toxin or hydrolase resulting in immune response aiming to neoplasm. Genetic engineering technology would endow these bacteria with anti-tumor properties, resulting in more significant and prolonged anti-tumor effects. Recent research indicated that some metabolites from these bacteria can also enhance the efficacy of anticancer, which provide a new idea for the treatment of neoplasm. This article reviews the research progress in anticancer therapy of bacteria.