Host protein atlastin-1 promotes human immunodeficiency virus(HIV-1) replication

In conclusion,we first found that HIV infection upregulates the ATL1 mRNA.Up-regulation of ATL1 contributes to HIV-1 replication and down-regulation of ATL1 in host cells inhibited the viral replication.The further research found that ATL1 promoted the level of Env expression on the cell surface and then promoted the cell-to-cell fusion.Truncated mutation experiments revealed that the GTPase domain of ATL1 is the key domain of promoting Env-regulated cell-cell fusion.Finally, through the kinetic experiment,we found that ATL1 was able to promote long-term replication of HIV-1. We believe that the characterization of ATL1 contributes to a better understanding of HIV-host interactions and can identify potential novel antiviral targets.