Comparative assessment of the efficacy of bacterial and cyanobacterial phytohormones in plant tissue culture |
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Authors: | Anwar Hussain Shahida Hasnain |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Botany, University College of Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Shankar Campus, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan;(2) Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan |
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Abstract: | Efficient callus and explant regeneration medium, using microbial extract (SPE purified) or supernatant has been formulated
for Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata. Two cyanobacterial strains (Anabaena sp. Ck1 and Chroococcidiopsis sp. Ck4) and two bacterial strains, (Pseudomonas spp. Am3 and Am4) known to produce a number of cytokinins, tZ, cZ, ZR, DHZR and IAA were selected for the media formulation.
Supernatant from strains with high cytokinin to IAA ratio, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa Am3 (2.08) and Chroococcidiopsis sp. Ck4 (0.8) efficiently induced compact calli which were turned green upon exposure to light. The strains producing lower
cytokinins to IAA ratio (0.11–0.13) on the other hand induced friable callus which were unable to regenerate on the selected
media combinations. Leaf, stem and root explants of Brassica oleracea L. regenerated on MS medium supplemented with phytohormones from microbial origin with efficiency comparable to standard
cytokinins and IAA. Supplements from cyanobacterial origin proved to be the best for induction of adventitious roots and shoots
on internodal and petiolar segments. Hypocotyl explants however, responded well on MS supplemented with bacterial metabolites.
Induction of adventitious shoots on root explants was supported by phytohormones from both origin equally well. Callus induction
on the seeds and regeneration of shoots on calli was also observed. Cyanobacteria based media were more efficient to induce
calli capable of regeneration upon exposure to light. Internodal explants were highly amenable to regenerate shoot and roots
simultaneously. Root explants were the less successful to regenerate shoots. |
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