Establishment of callus,cell suspension and shoot cultures of Leonurus cardiaca L. and diterpene analysis

Summary Callus cultures, cell suspension cultures and shoot cultures of Leonurus cardiaca L. (Motherwort) were established and growth conditions optimized. Shoot cultures showed constant growth whether in the dark or under continuous light, accumulating varying amounts of the furanic labdane diterpenes leosibiricin, preleosibirin, leosibirin and isoballotenol acetate, which are also present in the soil-grown plants. Only traces of leosibiricin were detected in callus cultures, while cell suspension cultures did not produce any furanic diterpenes. A small amount of furanic labdane diterpenes was found in the medium of shoot cultures. Callus and shoot culture induction of several other Lamiaceae species is also described.Abbreviations 2 4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - BAP benzylaminopurine - GA₃ gibberellic acid - HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography - NAA naphthyl acetic acid - TLC thin layer chromatography