Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Punctodera Stonei Brzeski, 1998 (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Virginia,USA |
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Authors: | Mihail R. Kantor Sergei A. Subbotin Gregory Huse Zafar A. Handoo |
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Affiliation: | 1.Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;2.California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA;3.Center of Parasitology of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow 117071, Russia;4.Arlington National Cemetery, 1 Memorial Avenue Arlington, VA 22211, USA |
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Abstract: | In August of 2021, several cysts with juveniles and eggs were discovered during a vegetation survey conducted at the Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia. Eight soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere region of the common grass (Festuca arundinacea L.) and processed at the Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory (MNGDBL). Cysts were light to dark brown in color, and oval to pear-shaped without bullae in young cysts but present in older cysts and with prominent vulval cone. The juveniles had slightly concave stylet knobs projecting sometimes anteriorly, tail tapering gradually to a narrowly rounded terminus, and hyaline tail terminus conspicuous at least twice the length of stylet. The molecular analysis included the analysis of three gene sequence fragments: D2–D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and COI. The nematode species was identified by both morphological and molecular means as Stone''s cyst nematode, Punctodera stonei. Detection of P. stonei in Virginia represents a new record of this species in the United States, and a second report after Canada in North America. |
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Keywords: | cyst nematode grass Punctodera stonei Virginia United States detection diagnosis systematics taxonomy |
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