A New Structure-based Classification of Gram-positive Bacteriocins |
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Authors: | Abdelmajid Zouhir Riadh Hammami Ismail Fliss Jeannette Ben Hamida |
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Institution: | 1.Unité de Protéomie Fonctionnelle et Biopréservation Alimentaire, ISSBAT, El Manar,Tunis,Tunisia;2.Dairy Research Center STELA,Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Université Laval,Québec,Canada |
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Abstract: | Bacteriocins are ribosomally-synthesized peptides or proteins produced by a wide range of bacteria. The antimicrobial activity
of this group of natural substances against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria has raised considerable interest for
their application in food preservation. Classifying these bacteriocins in well defined classes according to their biochemical
properties is a major step towards characterizing these anti-infective peptides and understanding their mode of action. Actually,
the chosen criteria for bacteriocins’ classification lack consistency and coherence. So, various classification schemes of
bacteriocins resulted various levels of contradiction and sorting inefficiencies leading to bacteriocins belonging to more
than one class at the same time and to a general lack of classification of many bacteriocins. Establishing a coherent and
adequate classification scheme for these bacteriocins is sought after by several researchers in the field. It is not straightforward
to formulate an efficient classification scheme that encompasses all of the existing bacteriocins. In the light of the structural
data, here we revisit the previously proposed contradictory classification and we define new structure-based sequence fingerprints
that support a subdivision of the bacteriocins into 12 groups. The paper lays down a resourceful and consistent classification
approach that resulted in classifying more than 70% of bacteriocins known to date and with potential to identify distinct
classes for the remaining unclassified bacteriocins. Identified groups are characterized by the presence of highly conserved
short amino acid motifs. Furthermore, unclassified bacteriocins are expected to form an identified group when there will be
sufficient sequences. |
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