Gene duplication and the origins of morphological complexity in pancrustacean eyes,a genomic approach |
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Authors: | Ajna S Rivera M Sabrina Pankey David C Plachetzki Carlos Villacorta Anna E Syme Jeanne M Serb Angela R Omilian Todd H Oakley |
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Institution: | (1) Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, 93106 Santa Barbara, CA, USA;(2) Department of Biology, Indiana University, Jordan Hall 1001 E. Third Street, Bloomington, IN, USA;(3) Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 245 Bessey Hall, 50011 Ames, IN, USA |
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Abstract: | Background Duplication and divergence of genes and genetic networks is hypothesized to be a major driver of the evolution of complexity
and novel features. Here, we examine the history of genes and genetic networks in the context of eye evolution by using new
approaches to understand patterns of gene duplication during the evolution of metazoan genomes. We hypothesize that 1) genes
involved in eye development and phototransduction have duplicated and are retained at higher rates in animal clades that possess
more distinct types of optical design; and 2) genes with functional relationships were duplicated and lost together, thereby
preserving genetic networks. To test these hypotheses, we examine the rates and patterns of gene duplication and loss evident
in 19 metazoan genomes, including that of Daphnia pulex - the first completely sequenced crustacean genome. This is of particular interest because the pancrustaceans (hexapods+crustaceans)
have more optical designs than any other major clade of animals, allowing us to test specifically whether the high amount
of disparity in pancrustacean eyes is correlated with a higher rate of duplication and retention of vision genes. |
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