保护区的分类系统与标准

保护区是一个泛称,根据建立的目的和本身的特点可以划分不同的类型,以利于管理工作的开展。每一个国家都应制订一个与本国资源和要求相适应的保护区分类系统。本文着重讨论按保护对象和保护区性质划分的保护区类型,以供判断每一个保护区的归属和管理重点。

The classification system and criteria for protected areas

Protected area is a general term, it can be classified into different categories according to the establishment objective and their own characteristics for which it is being managed. Thus each country should design a system of protected areas which corresponds to its own resources and requirements. Depended on the conservation objects protected areas may be divided into natural and cultural categories. The former includes three categories for conserving ecosystems, species and natural vestiges; the latter consists of two categories such as cultural landscapes and historical cultural heritages. Protected areas can be separated into four categories based on its own nature and managed emphases, for example, scientific reserve, national parks, managed reserve and resources management reserve. At last, ownership of each reserve is determined in combination with these two factors.