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Visuomotor transformations: early cortical mechanisms of reaching |
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| Authors: | Roberto Caminiti Stefano Ferraina Alexandra Battaglia Mayer |
| Institution: | aIstituto di Fisiologia umana, Universitá di Roma ‘la Sapienza’, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;bLaboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, NIH, Building 49, Room 2A50, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4435, USA;cBrain Sciences Center, Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417, USA |
| Abstract: | Recent studies of visually guided reaching in monkeys support the hypothesis that the visuomotor transformations underlying arm movements to spatial targets involve a parallel mechanism that simultaneously engages functionally related frontal and parietal areas linked by reciprocal cortico-cortical connections. The neurons in these areas possess similar combinations of response properties. The multimodal combinatorial properties of these neurons and the gradient architecture of the parieto-frontal network emerge as a potential substrate to link the different sensory and motor signals that arise during reaching behavior into common hybrid reference frames. This convergent combinatorial process is evident at early stages of visual information processing in the occipito-parietal cortex, suggesting the existence of re-entrant motor influences on cortical areas once believed to have only visual functions. |
| Keywords: | Abbreviations: AIP anterior intraparietal area IPL inferior parietal lobule IPS intraparietal sulcus LIP lateral intraparietal area 7ip M1 primary motor cortex F1 area 4 MIP medial intraparietal area PE dorsal part of parietal area 5 area 5d PEa part of area 5 of the medial bank of IPS PEc posterior part of PE around the edge of the hemisphere PMd dorsal premotor cortex PMdc caudal part of PMd F2 PMdr rostral part of dorsal premotor cortex F7 PMv ventral premotor cortex areas F4 and F5 PO parieto-occipital cortex POS parieto-occipital sulcus pre-SMA pre-supplementary motor area F6 SMA supplementary motor area F3 SEF supplementary eye fields V6 visual area 6 in the bottom of the rostral bank of the POS V6A visual area 6A in the dorsal part of the rostral bank of the POS |
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