濒危植物裂叶沙参生境条件及外界致危因素分析

裂叶沙参分布于四川西北地区金川县,受到当地地质、地貌、气候、土壤、生物和人为因素等多方面的综合影响,形成了裂叶沙参种群生长发育的外部特定环境条件。裂叶沙参种群生长发育最主要的外界致危因素是:人为采挖、森林过伐、开荒、放牧所导致的生境破坏;频繁的地震、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害;周期性的春旱、伏旱和暴雨所引发的洪涝灾害;锈病、地下害虫和野生动物的危害。这些致危因素周期性或经常性地对裂叶沙参种群数量、个体生长产生着长期而广泛的危害。应立即停止人为对当地生境条件的一切破坏活动;在金川县建立以保护裂叶沙参为主的自然保护区,并在适生地引种栽培,实行迁地保护;对裂叶沙参种群继续跟踪研究,为揭示一般濒危植物的内部致危机理及外界致危因素提供科学参考。

THE HABITAT AND ANALYSIS ON THE EXTERNAL ENDANGERED FACTORS OF ADENOPHORA LOBOPHYLLA (CAMPANULACEAE), AN ENDANGERED SPECIES

The special habitats for endangered species, Adenophora lobophylla Hong population to grow and develop are formed in the northwest of Sichuan province and influenced comprehensively by the many factors such as external disturbance, geology, topography, climate, soils, biology. The external environmental factors which is leading the A. lobophylla population to be endangered status are: habitat was destroyed by overcutting of forest, bringing barren hills under cultivation; grazing; and diging it up as Chinese medicine; the geological disaster such as earthquake, landslip, mud-rock flow occuring frequently; Climate disaster such as the flood, the spring and summer drought; the harm of rust, pest underground and wildlife etc. All of these factors endanger the population number and the growth of individual periodically, frequently and extensively. Any action to damage the locative habitat from humane being should be stopped immidiately; the conservancy area for the A. lobophylla to be conserved at province level has been suggested to be set up in Jinchuan county; The introductive, cultivation of A. lobophylla population in the proper region should be carried out; and the research work should be continued in order to get the general regulation of the endangered species.